Fabric



Mme 9, 1936 P. A. SPERY' FABRIC Filed July 11, 1932 Patented June 9, 1936 I: UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlc-E FABRIC Y A v Y Paul A.v Sperry, NewrHaven, Conn. Application July 11, 1932, Serial No. 621,801

` 'z claims. (c1. 28-1) This invention relates to the method of forming a leno weave fabric and has for one of its objects to provide'a method by which the beating upl of the lay may be omitted in the forming of the fabric. Y

Another object of-the invention is the provision of a method by which the filling threads are positioned the desireddistance from the previous lling thread inserted in the fabric by drawing up a loop in the warp threads through which the filling thread has been passed to move the filling thread acertain predetermined distance along the warp thread.

Another objectof the invention is the manipu-V lation of the'warp threads so that the leno effect may be obtained in the filling threads or partially in the -fillingthreads and partially in the warp threads arsfdesired.`

-A further object of the invention is the arrangement of the warpfand filling threads in such manner that byf tensioning either the filling or warp threads the relative looping or twisting of these threads about their component right angularly extending threads may be varied at'Will.

' Withthese and other objects in view, the invention consists of certain novel features of construction, as will be more fully described, and particularly pointed out .in the appended claims.

In the laccompany-ing drawing-:

Fig. l is a top plan view on an enlarged scale of the finished fabric.A

Fig. 2 is aperspective View illustrating the looping arrangement of the Warp threads with the filling thread passed therethrough.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the thread construction shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 illustrating this loop as drawn about the filling thread to position the filling thread left by the last fiight of the shuttle at the desired point with reference to the previously positioned lling thread.

Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate oppositely formed loops by twisting the warp in opposite directions.

Fig. 'l is a view of the fabric with the warp threads tensioned to a sufficient extent to cause the filling threads to assume the looped arrangement about the warp threads rather than the warp threads about the filling threads, as illustrated in Figs. 2, 3, and 4.

In the forming of a leno weave for the more expensive fabrics, such as lace curtains, bed covers, dresses and the like, it is usual to twist the warp threads one about the other in the formation of the leno Weave and very complicated mechanism must be employed if a full leno or twist is to be had. I have found, however, that very desirable effects may be produced by looping'V one 'component set of thread, such as the warp threads, and then by tension transposing the loops formed in one component set into the other 5 component set or partially into each as the design inthe fabric may be desired; and the following is a more detailed description of Y the present method employed for obtaining such woven fabric.

5 With reference to the drawing, III designates the warp threads and II the filling threads of a piece of fabric in the formation of which the warp threads Il] are each looped as at I2 and a filling thread IIa is passed through this loop by means of the usual shuttle. However, in lieu of beating up the filling thread to the desired porsitionfwhich it is to assume in the fabric, I close the loop I2 by tension on the warp threadslll to draw the warp threads closely about the filling thread IIa as shown in Fig. 4 and in Iso drawing up the warp threads I0, as Iv have illustrated in Fig. 4, `I position the last filling thread in its desired spaced relation to the previous filling thread I Ib woven in the fabric. The spacing of the iilling thread, llaylast passed through the loops, maybe limited in the amount which it may be drawn toward the last previously drawn up filling thread I Ib by any desired means, such as by directing the pull of the warp threads III over some suitable guide to cause them to pull in a vertical direction as shown in Fig. 4 and thus determine a location for fixing the position of the lling thread Ila.

The loops I2 Which are formed in the Warp 35 threads may be formed all in the same direction or one portion of the thread such as I3 may be formed on one side of the portion I4 as shown in Fig. 5, which the portion I3 may be formed on the opposite side by an opposite twist as shownV 40 in Fig. 6, and in the relation which I have shown in Fig. 1, I have oppositely formed the loops as shown clearly in Fig. 2. In this relation the fabric, when it is taken from the loom, will be substantially in the structure shown in the lower part of Fig. 2 and by then tensioning the warp threads I may dispose the loops I5 diierently than shown in Fig. 2 and might cause these loops to be formed completely in the filling threads, as illustrated at VIIi in Fig. 7, or by tensioning the fabric so that the warp and lling threads have substantially the same amount of tension one half of the loop may be formed in the filling and the other half in the warp and a design comparable to that shown in Fig. 1 may be formed 55 in which each component set of threads appears to have the loop partially formed therein and each twisted one about the other component set.

By this arrangement I utilize the pull of the warp threads for positioning the leno in the filling threads for causing the desired structure of fabric which I wish to provide. Also, I am enabled to do away with the lay for beating up the fabric and may obtain a better fabric.

Having thus described one illustrative embodiment of my invention and the best mode known to me for carrying out my method, I desire it to be understood that although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense and not for the purpose of limitation, the scope of the invention being defined and limited only by the terms of the appended claims.

1. The method of forming a fabric which consists in providing loops in a series of warp threads, passing a iilling thread through the loops, moving the filling thread to its iinal position by pulling on an unwoven portion of the warp threads in a selected direction and repeating the operation until the desired length of fabric is formed.

2. The method of forming a fabric which consists in providing loops in a series of warp threads, passing a filling thread through the loops, movv i ing the filling thread to its final position by pulling on an unwoven portion of the warp threads in a selected direction and repeating the operation until the desired length of fabric is formed, and subsequently tensioning the warp threads to r cause the warp threads to partially straighten their direction and the filling threads to be partially twisted about the warp threads.

3. The method of forming a fabric which consists in providing loops in adjacent warp threads 3 of a series of warp threads, passing a lling thread through the loops thus formed, closing the loop about the filling thread and moving the lling thread up to position by pulling on an unwoven portion of the warp threads, then providlng the next succession of loops in each of the warp threads opposite from the loops previously formed. in each warp thread, and repeating the iilling inserting and loop closing operation.

4. The method of forming a fabric which consists in providing loops in adjacent Warp threads of a series of warp threads, passing a filling thread through the loops thus formed, closing the loop about the filling thread and moving the filling thread up to position by pulling on an unwoven portion of the warp threads, then providing the next succession of loops in each of the warp threads opposite from the loops previously formed in each warp thread, repeating the filling inserting and loop closing operation, and subsequently tensioning the warp threads to cause the warp threads to partially straighten their direction and the filling threads to be partially twisted about the warp threads in opposite directions.

5. 'Ihe method of forming a fabric which consists in providing successively opposite loops in a 'series of Warp threads, passing a filling thread through the loops thus formed, closing the loop about the filling thread and moving the filling thread up to position by pulling on an unwoven portion of the warp threads, then providing the next succession of loops in each of the warp threads opposite from the loops previously formed in each warp thread, and repeating the filling inserting and loop closing operation.

6. The-method of forming a fabric which consists in providing successively opposite loops in a series of warp threads, passing a filling thread through the loops thus formed, closing the loop about the filling thread and moving the filling thread up to position by pulling on an unwoven portion of the warp threads, then providing the next succession of loops in each of the warp threads opposite from the loops previously formed in each warp thread, repeating the filling inserting and loop closing operation, and subsequently tensioning the warp threads to cause the warp threads to partially straighten their direction and the filling threads to be partially twisted about the Warp threads in opposite directions.

7. The method of forming a fabric which consists in providing successively oppositely formed loops in each warp thread of a series of warp threads, passing filling threads through the loops, moving each of the filling threads to its final position, limiting the movement toward the previous filling thread by pulling the unwoven portion Yof the warp threads about a guide located a predetermined distance back of the preceding flllingvthread, and subsequently tensioning the warp threads to cause the warp threads to partially straighten their direction and the filling threads to be partially twisted about the warp threads.

PAUL A. SPERRY. 

